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Proteomics study of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia reveals the Fc fragment of the IgG-binding protein

《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第3期   页码 378-388 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0840-y

摘要: Macrolide and corticosteroid resistance has been reported in patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia (MPP). MP clearance is difficult to achieve through antibiotic treatment in sensitive patients with severe MPP (SMPP). SMPP in children might progress to airway remodeling and even bronchiolitis/bronchitis obliterans. Therefore, identifying serum biomarkers that indicate MPP progression and exploring new targeted drugs for SMPP treatment require urgency. In this study, serum samples were collected from patients with general MPP (GMPP) and SMPP to conduct proteomics profiling. The Fc fragment of the IgG-binding protein (FCGBP) was identified as the most promising indicator of SMPP. Biological enrichment analysis indicated uncontrolled inflammation in SMPP. ELISA results proved that the FCGBP level in patients with SMPP was substantially higher than that in patients with GMPP. Furthermore, the FCGBP levels showed a decreasing trend in patients with GMPP but the opposite trend in patients with SMPP during disease progression. Connectivity map analyses identified 25 possible targeted drugs for SMPP treatment. Among them, a mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) inhibitor, which is a macrolide compound and a cell proliferation inhibitor, was the most promising candidate for targeting SMPP. To our knowledge, this study was the first proteomics-based characterization of patients with SMPP and GMPP.

关键词: severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia     children     proteomics     Fc fragment of the IgG-binding protein     mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase inhibitor    

with composition of lung microbiota and important taxa predicting clinical prognosis in patients with severecommunity-acquired pneumonia

《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第3期   页码 389-402 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0856-3

摘要: Few studies have described the key features and prognostic roles of lung microbiota in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP). We prospectively enrolled consecutive SCAP patients admitted to ICU. Bronchoscopy was performed at bedside within 48 h of ICU admission, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was applied to the collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The primary outcome was clinical improvements defined as a decrease of 2 categories and above on a 7-category ordinal scale within 14 days following bronchoscopy. Sixty-seven patients were included. Multivariable permutational multivariate analysis of variance found that positive bacteria lab test results had the strongest independent association with lung microbiota (R2=0.033; P=0.018), followed by acute kidney injury (AKI; R2=0.032; P=0.011) and plasma MIP-1β level (R2=0.027; P=0.044). Random forest identified that the families Prevotellaceae, Moraxellaceae, and Staphylococcaceae were the biomarkers related to the positive bacteria lab test results. Multivariable Cox regression showed that the increase in α-diversity and the abundance of the families Prevotellaceae and Actinomycetaceae were associated with clinical improvements. The positive bacteria lab test results, AKI, and plasma MIP-1β level were associated with patients’ lung microbiota composition on ICU admission. The families Prevotellaceae and Actinomycetaceae on admission predicted clinical improvements.

关键词: severe community-acquired pneumonia     lung microbiota     clinical improvements     7-category ordinal scale     Prevotellaceae    

Risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia among patients undergoing major oncological surgery

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 239-246 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0509-8

摘要:

Patients undergoing major oncological surgery for head and neck cancer (SHNC) have a particularly high risk of nosocomial infections. We aimed to identify risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients undergoing SHNC. The study included 465 patients who underwent SHNC between June 2011 and June 2014. The rate of VAP, risk factors for VAP, and biological aspects of VAP were retrospectively evaluated. The incidence of VAP was 19.6% (n=95) in patients who required more than 48 h of mechanical ventilation. Staphylococcus (37.7%), Enterobacteriaceae (32.1%), Pseudomonas(20.8%), and Haemophilus (16.9%) were the major bacterial species that caused VAP. The independent risk factors for VAP were advanced age, current smoking status, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and a higher simplified acute physiology score system II upon admission. Tracheostomy was an independent protective factor for VAP. The median length of stay in the ICU for patients who did or did not develop VAP was 8.0 and 6.5 days, respectively (P=0.006). Mortality among patients who did or did not develop VAP was 16.8% and 8.4%, respectively (P<0.001). The potential economic impact of VAP was high because of the significantly extended duration of ventilation. A predictive regression model was developed with a sensitivity of 95.3% and a specificity of 69.4%. VAP is common in patients who are undergoing SHNC and who require more than 48 h of mechanical ventilation. Therefore, innovative preventive measures should be developed and applied in this high-risk population.

关键词: ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)     pneumonia     risk factors     surgery for head and neck cancer (SHNC)    

Analysis of antibiotic usage for viral community-acquired pneumonia in adults

Rongmeng Jiang, Bing Han, Chang Dou, Fei Zhou, Bin Cao, Xingwang Li

《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 139-143 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0736-2

摘要: The rationale for the antibiotic treatment of viral community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults was analyzed to develop a clinical reference standard for this condition. Clinical data from 166 patients diagnosed with viral pneumonia across 14 hospitals in Beijing from November 2010 to December 2017 were collected. The indications for medications were evaluated, and the rationale for the use of antibiotics was analyzed. A total of 163 (98.3%) patients with viral pneumonia were treated with antibiotics. A combination of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) was used as markers to analyze the possible indications for antibiotic use. With threshold levels set at 0.25 µg/L for PCT and 20 mg/L for CRP, the rate of unreasonable use of antibiotics was 55.2%. By contrast, at a CRP level threshold of 60 mg/L, the rate of antibiotic misuse was 77.3%. A total of 39 of the 163 (23.9%) patients did not meet the guidelines for drug selection for viral CAP in adults. The unreasonable use of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of viral CAP in adults is a serious concern. Clinicians must reduce the unnecessary use of antibiotics.

关键词: adult     antibiotic     viral pneumonia    

Treatment of severe acute pancreatitis through retroperitoneal laparoscopic drainage

Chun Tang, Baolin Wang, Bing Xie, Hongming Liu, Ping Chen

《医学前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 302-305 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0145-7

摘要: A treatment method based on drainage via retroperitoneal laparoscopy was adopted for 15 severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients to investigate the feasibility of the method. Ten patients received only drainage via retroperitoneal laparoscopy, four patients received drainage via both retroperitoneal and preperitoneal laparoscopy, and one patient received drainage via conversion to laparotomy. Thirteen patients exhibited a good drainage effect and were successfully cured without any other surgical treatment. Two patients had encapsulated effusions or pancreatic pseudocysts after surgery, but were successfully cured after lavage and B ultrasound-guided percutaneous catheter drainage. SAP treatment via retroperitoneal laparoscopic drainage is an effective surgical method, resulting in minor injury.

关键词: severe acute pancreatitis (SAP)     laparoscope     retroperitoneal drainage     treatment    

Separation of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol-based fermentations of Klebsiella pneumoniae by alcohol precipitation

GAO Sujun, SUN Yaqin, XIU Zhilong

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 202-207 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0037-1

摘要: The separation of 1,3-propanediol from the glycerol-based fermentation broth of plays an important role during the microbial production of 1,3-propanediol. In this paper, the separation of 1,3-propanediol from fermentative broth by a combination of ultrafiltration and alcohol dilution crystallization was investigated. The broth was first filtered by ultrafiltration, and 99% of cells, 89.4% of proteins and 69% of nucleic acids were removed. The obtained broth was further condensed by vac uum distillation, and then alcohol was added. The macromolecular impurities, such as nucleic acids, polysaccharides and proteins, were precipitated, and inorganic and organic salts were crystallized. The optimal volume ratio of alcohol added to the condensed fermentation broth was determined to be 2:1. As a result, proteins, nucleic acids and electric conductivity decreased by 97.4%, 89.7% and 95.8%, respectively, compared with the fermentative broth. The influences of pH and water content in condensed broth on alcohol precipitation and dilution crystallization were also investigated. The experimen tal results indicated that alcohol precipitation and dilution crystallization was feasible and effective for the separation of 1,3-propanediol from actual fermentation broth.

Experience gained in analyzing severe accidents for WWER RP using CC SOCRAT

《能源前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 872-886 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0796-2

摘要: The current Russian regulatory documents on the safety of nuclear power plant (NPP) specify the requirements regarding design basis accidents (DBAs) and beyond design basis accidents (BDBAs), including severe accidents (SAs) with core meltdown, in NPP design (NP-001-15, NP-082-07, and others). For a rigorous calculational justification of BDBAs and SAs, it is necessary to develop an integral CC that will be in line with the requirements of regulatory documents on verification and certification (RD-03-33-2008, RD-03-34-2000) and will allow for determining the amount of data required to provide information within the scope stipulated by the requirements for the structure of the safety analysis report (SAR) (NP-006-16). The system of codes for realistic analysis of severe accidents (SOCRAT) (formerly, thermohydraulics (RATEG)/coupled physical and chemical processes (SVECHA)/behavior of core materials relocated into the reactor lower plenum (HEFEST)) was developed in Russia to analyze a wide range of SAs at NPP with water-cooled water-moderated power-generating reactor (WWER) at all stages of the accident. Enhancements to the code and broadening of its applicability are continually being pursued by the code developers (Nuclear Safety Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBRAE RAN)) with OKB Gidropress JSC and other organizations. Currently, the SOCRAT/1 code can be used as a base tool to obtain realistic estimates for all parameters important for computational justification of the reactor plant (RP) safety at the in-vessel stage of SAs with fuel melting. To perform analyses using CC SOCRAT/1, the experience gained during execution of thermohydraulic codes is applied, which allows for minimizing the uncertainties in the results at the early stage of an accident scenario. This study presents the results of the work performed in 2010–2020 in OKB Gidropress JSC using the CC SOCRAT/1. Approaches have been considered to develop calculational models and analyze SAs using CC SOCRAT. This process, which is clearly structured in OKB Gidropress JSC, provides a noticeable reduction in human involvement, and reduces the probability of erroneous results.

关键词: system of codes for realistic analysis of severe accidents (SOCRAT)     design basis accidents (DBAs)     severe accidents (SAs)     computer code (CC)     nuclear power plant (NPP) design     water-cooled water-moderated (WWER)     modeling     model     safety requirements    

Outcomes of haploidentical bone marrow transplantation in patients with severe aplastic anemia-II thatprogressed from non-severe acquired aplastic anemia

《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 718-727 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0807-4

摘要: Severe aplastic anemia II (SAA-II) progresses from non-severe aplastic anemia (NSAA). The unavailability of efficacious treatment has prompted the need for haploidentical bone marrow transplantation (haplo-BMT) in patients lacking a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donor. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of haplo-BMT for patients with SAA-II. Twenty-two patients were included and followed up, and FLU/BU/CY/ATG was used as conditioning regimen. Among these patients, 21 were successfully engrafted, 19 of whom survived after haplo-BMT. Four patients experienced grade II–IV aGvHD, including two with grade III–IV aGvHD. Six patients experienced chronic GvHD, among whom four were mild and two were moderate. Twelve patients experienced infections during BMT. One was diagnosed with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder and one with probable EBV disease, and both recovered after rituximab infusion. Haplo-BMT achieved 3-year overall survival and disease-free survival rate of 86.4%±0.73% after a median follow-up of 42 months, indicating its effectiveness as a salvage therapy. These promising outcomes may support haplo-BMT as an alternative treatment strategy for patients with SAA-II lacking HLA-matched donors.

关键词: severe aplastic anemia     non-severe acquired aplastic anemia     haploidentical bone marrow transplantation     outcomes    

2018—2019年我国北方地区奶牛临床型乳房炎源肺炎克雷伯菌的分子特征 Article

宋士凯, 何文娟, 杨大伟, Manar Benmouffok, 王瑶, 李基云, 孙城涛, 宋祥彬, 马士珍, 蔡畅, 丁双阳, 吴聪明, 沈张奇, 汪洋

《工程(英文)》 2022年 第10卷 第3期   页码 146-154 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.01.015

摘要:

肺炎克雷伯菌是奶牛乳房炎的重要诱因,常引起奶牛的产奶量降低和死亡率增高。目前尚缺乏奶牛乳房炎源肺炎克雷伯菌分子特征的研究数据,限制了对其在食品生产链中传播风险的评估。本研究于2018—2019 年从我国北方地区患临床型乳房炎奶牛中采集了6301 份奶样,共分离到183 株肺炎克雷伯菌,两年的平均分离率分别为3.03%和2.80%。与人类临床肺炎克雷伯菌分离株相似,奶牛临床型乳房炎源肺炎克雷伯菌分离株可分为肺炎克雷伯菌(KpI,143 株)、准肺炎克雷伯菌(KpII-B,37 株)和变栖肺炎克雷伯菌(KpIII,3 株)三个种群。在KpI 分离株中检测到超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)的编码基因blaSHV-2ablaCTX-M-14blaCTX-M-15,以及可能与奶牛致病性和宿主适应性有关的编码基因clpClpfAlacIlacZlacYfecABDEIR。KpI 菌株比KpII-B 和KpIII 菌株表现出更高的流行率以及抗生素耐药基因和毒力基因携带率,表明它可能对奶牛的危害更大。此外,还发现奶牛KpI菌株与人医临床分离的KpI菌株在种群结构上存在明显差异,且奶牛源KpI菌株中很少见到与人类侵袭性感染相关的基因,表明奶牛源KpI菌株对人类健康的威胁较小;奶牛KpII-B 分离株与人类感染分离株具有较高的核苷酸序列一致性,且它们携带固氮基因nif的比例都很高,表明奶牛和人类KpII-B 分离株与植物源性KpII-B 菌株之间存在一定关联。

关键词: 临床型乳房炎     肺炎克雷伯菌     分子特征     种群结构     抗生素耐药性    

Clinical manifestations and outcomes in severe ulcerative colitis

YANG Xuesong, YAO Wei, LIU Wenbin, LI Jun, LU Yumin

《医学前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 192-195 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0036-0

摘要: In order to evaluate the clinical manifestations and outcomes of severe ulcerative colitis (UC), we retrospectively reviewed 41 patients with severe UC from 144 consecutively hospitalized UC cases from 1988 to 2004. Data recorded included onset, symptoms, signs, laboratory results, endoscopic, radiologic and pathologic findings, the clinical treatment process and follow-up. Of these severe cases, 92.7% (38/41) had pancolitis. Clinically, 36.9% (15/41) were categorized as first onset type, 36.9% (15/41) were chronic persistent and 26.8% (11/41) were chronic recurrent. Steroids played a main role in the remission of severe UC (61.0%). Thirty-one cases (75.6%) were relieved by drug therapy. Seven cases (17.1%) progressed to the need for operation. An early age of onset, pancolitis, low hemoglobin and serum albumin levels, and the need for intravenous steroids tended to be associated with the need for surgery. In conclusion, most of the severe UC patients respond well to drug therapy, but for individuals who are unresponsive to drug therapy, or for those depending on steroids, after a reasonable duration of treatment, the necessity for surgery should be considered.

突发性灾害天气的结构预测与应急对策

欧阳首承,谢娜,郝丽萍

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第9期   页码 9-13

摘要:

以V-3θ图的非规则信息结构分别分析了北京2004年7月10日和上海7月12日出现的突发性强对流降水、风暴和川东北的区域性特大暴雨天气过程的结构特征,并简单地讨论了突发灾害天气的预测原理和分析、预测方法。结果表明,局地强对流降水天气或区域性大暴雨在V-3θ图的结构上事先有明显的征兆而可预测;并作为有效的防灾、减灾和相应城市建设应考虑的排水、储水和防风等的特殊性应急措施。

关键词: 溃变     结构分析     突发性强对流     防灾措施    

Cross-sectional prevalence and pattern of non-anaemia severe malaria among 2–10 year olds in Sokoto in

《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 969-974 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0912-z

摘要: Malaria is highly prevalent in Nigeria and accounts for approximately 40% of global malaria mortality. However, most reports on severe malaria in Nigeria are from hospital-based studies without accurate information from communities; thus, malaria-related deaths in the community are left untracked. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and pattern of severe malaria in a community in Northwestern Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2–10-year-old children in Sokoto, in August and December 2016, to determine the endemicity of malaria based on Plasmodium falciparum prevalence rate (PfPR2-10) and to describe the disease pattern. Severe malaria was diagnosed according to the World Health Organisation criteria. Data were described using Stata version 15. The prevalence of non-anaemia severe malaria was higher than expected (2.6%), considering the endemicity pattern which was mesoendemic based on a PfPR2-10 of 34.8%. The mean age of children with severe malaria was 3.73 years, and the male–female ratio was 2:1. However, 54.0% of the patients had hyperparasitaemia. A relatively high prevalence of non-anaemia severe malaria was found in Wamakko. This finding suggests the need to identify and treat cases in the community using modifications of current strategies, particularly seasonal malaria chemoprophylaxis.

关键词: severe malaria     nigeria     malaria mortality     PfPR2-10     intermediate malaria transmission    

A pilot study on Paxlovid therapy for hemodialysis patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

《医学前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1011-0

摘要: We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) therapy for hemodialysis-dependent patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Thirteen hemodialysis patients infected with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 from April 3 to May 30, 2022, were recruited. Laboratory parameters and chest CT (computed tomography) imaging were analyzed. The treatment group included six patients who received 150 mg/100 mg of Paxlovid orally once daily for 5 days, whereas the control group included seven patients who received basic treatment. No serious adverse reactions or safety events were recorded. Four control patients progressed to moderate disease, and none in the treatment group showed progression of chest CT findings (P < 0.05). Paxlovid therapy tended toward early viral clearance and low viral load on Day 8. Moreover, 83.3% of the patients in the treatment group and 57.1% of the patients in the control group turned negative within 22 days. In the Paxlovid treatment group, we found significantly increased levels of lymphocytes (P=0.03) and eosinophils (P=0.02) and decreased levels of D-dimer on Day 8 compared with those on Day 1. Paxlovid therapy showed a potential therapeutic effect with good tolerance in hemodialysis patients. The optimal dose and effectiveness evaluation must be further investigated in a largeer cohort.

关键词: Paxlovid     hemodialysis     SARS-CoV-2     viral load     chest CT scan    

Mouth the mirror of lungs: where does the connection lie?

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 405-409 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0476-5

摘要:

Periodontitis is the chronic destructive disease of the periodontium (Gums) caused by host bacterial interactions. The effect of such host bacterial interactions in oral cavity also evokes a systemic response. Numerous studies have found common mechanisms of destruction for periodontal diseases and other chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, respiratory diseases, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Oral colonization by respiratory pathogens appears to be a risk factor for development of respiratory diseases and oral interventions aimed at reducing oral bacterial count have resulted in reduced incidence of these reparatory illness. This reflects the importance of oral hygiene among patients with respiratory illness. This review highlights the association between periodontal diseases and respiratory diseases.

关键词: periodontitis     respiratory diseases     acute pneumonia     COPD    

Arsenic trioxide induced rhabdomyolysis, a rare but severe side effect, in an APL patient: a case report

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 284-286 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0514-y

摘要:

Arsenic trioxide (ATO), a component of the traditional Chinese medicine arsenic sublimate, promotes apoptosis and induces leukemic cell differentiation. Combined with all-trans-retinotic acid (ATRA), ATO has become the first-line induction therapy in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The most common side effects of ATO include hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal symptoms, water-sodium retention, and nervous system damage. In this report, we present a rare side effect, rhabdomyolysis, in a 68-year-old female APL patient who was treated with ATO. After taking 10 mg ATO daily for 6 days, she presented shortness of breath, myodynia, elevated creatine kinase, and acute renal insufficiency. This report describes the first case of ATO-induced rhabdomyolysis.

关键词: arsenic trioxide     APL     rhabdomyolysis    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Proteomics study of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia reveals the Fc fragment of the IgG-binding protein

期刊论文

with composition of lung microbiota and important taxa predicting clinical prognosis in patients with severecommunity-acquired pneumonia

期刊论文

Risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia among patients undergoing major oncological surgery

null

期刊论文

Analysis of antibiotic usage for viral community-acquired pneumonia in adults

Rongmeng Jiang, Bing Han, Chang Dou, Fei Zhou, Bin Cao, Xingwang Li

期刊论文

Treatment of severe acute pancreatitis through retroperitoneal laparoscopic drainage

Chun Tang, Baolin Wang, Bing Xie, Hongming Liu, Ping Chen

期刊论文

Separation of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol-based fermentations of Klebsiella pneumoniae by alcohol precipitation

GAO Sujun, SUN Yaqin, XIU Zhilong

期刊论文

Experience gained in analyzing severe accidents for WWER RP using CC SOCRAT

期刊论文

Outcomes of haploidentical bone marrow transplantation in patients with severe aplastic anemia-II thatprogressed from non-severe acquired aplastic anemia

期刊论文

2018—2019年我国北方地区奶牛临床型乳房炎源肺炎克雷伯菌的分子特征

宋士凯, 何文娟, 杨大伟, Manar Benmouffok, 王瑶, 李基云, 孙城涛, 宋祥彬, 马士珍, 蔡畅, 丁双阳, 吴聪明, 沈张奇, 汪洋

期刊论文

Clinical manifestations and outcomes in severe ulcerative colitis

YANG Xuesong, YAO Wei, LIU Wenbin, LI Jun, LU Yumin

期刊论文

突发性灾害天气的结构预测与应急对策

欧阳首承,谢娜,郝丽萍

期刊论文

Cross-sectional prevalence and pattern of non-anaemia severe malaria among 2–10 year olds in Sokoto in

期刊论文

A pilot study on Paxlovid therapy for hemodialysis patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

期刊论文

Mouth the mirror of lungs: where does the connection lie?

null

期刊论文

Arsenic trioxide induced rhabdomyolysis, a rare but severe side effect, in an APL patient: a case report

null

期刊论文